Massachusetts Personal Lines Practice Exam

The distinction between actual cash value and replacement cost in homeowners insurance is primarily centered around how the value of the insured property is calculated, particularly regarding depreciation. Actual cash value is determined by taking the replacement cost of an item and subtracting depreciation, which accounts for wear and tear over time. This results in a payment amount that reflects the current market value of the property at the time of loss, rather than what it would cost to replace it with a new item.

In contrast, replacement cost does not factor in depreciation; it represents the cost to replace the damaged property with a new item of similar kind and quality, without any deductions for its age or condition. Therefore, actual cash value is typically lower than replacement cost due to this reduction for depreciation, which is why the first option accurately captures the core difference between the two measures.

The remaining options do not accurately depict this relationship, as they either misstate the nature of actual cash value relative to replacement cost or present incorrect assumptions about their definitions and applications in insurance policies.